Glossary

Services and platform

Term	Meaning here
ARES	Automated Rebalancing and Execution Service: scheduled automation that can act on portfolios with automated trading enabled, after recommendations and risk checks. See Automated trading (ARES).
Automated trading	Portfolio setting that allows scheduled execution flows; not the same as manually running Hunt once. See Automated trading (ARES).
Automation decision log	In IRIS, the per-run list of short messages explaining what automated trading considered, did, or skipped (caps, schedule, risk, policy). See Reading automation decision logs.
Daily cap (automation)	Maximum replacement (swap) trades and/or cash purchases automation may attempt per run or per day (wording depends on your UI). A cap of zero turns off that side on purpose. See Reading automation decision logs.
Replacement trade (automation)	Swapping one existing holding for a suggested symbol (Hunt-style replace path), as opposed to deploying idle cash into a new name. See Hunt, Cash Hunt, and optimization.
Cash deployment (automation)	Using available cash to open a new position from a Cash Hunt style suggestion, subject to caps and risk—distinct from replacement trades. See Reading automation decision logs.
ARTEMIS	In TRINITY docs, the Hunt and Cash Hunt recommendation path: ATHENA analysis plus your portfolio rules produce ranked ideas in IRIS. Positions, settings, and alerts are edited in IRIS. See How Hunt and Cash Hunt fit your process.
ATHENA	Analysis engine: stages, indicators, batch analysis, ML model training and inference pipelines.
TRINITY Analysis	On symbol pages, the IRIS card grouping ATHENA outputs—e.g. AI Signal, Pattern Direction, market regime, confidence, SATA-related fields, volatility, key levels, and price targets when shown.
ATLAS	The portfolio system of record behind IRIS: positions, cash, risk and notification/automation settings, portfolio alerts, and stored performance snapshots (e.g. vs SPY on portfolio views). IRIS is what you click; ATLAS is what keeps your portfolio state consistent. Demo portfolios are labeled sample books using the same mechanics—see Your portfolio in TRINITY.
Batch analysis	Multi-symbol analysis started from IRIS (Batch analysis in the app). Schedules or refreshes ATHENA work for many symbols at once. See Batch analysis: what just happened?.
ECHO	TRINITY’s email delivery for notifications you opt into—portfolio email toggles and account notification preferences are applied before messages send. You manage options in IRIS; release notes may use the engineering name ECHO. See Emails and alerts in TRINITY.
Symbols checker digest	Optional weekday morning email with market-wide symbol-checker summaries (for example recent updates, weekly summary, and transition watchlist in IRIS tooltips). Off by default per portfolio. See Emails and alerts in TRINITY.
BFF	”Backend for frontend”—IRIS coordinates service calls securely so your browser uses one signed-in app.
Cash Hunt	IRIS flow for deploying available cash into new positions under risk limits (ARTEMIS recommendation path)—not the same as replace mode. See Hunt, Cash Hunt, and optimization.
DIONYSUS	The optimization engine that turns ATHENA analyses and your risk settings into a proposed portfolio. In IRIS you reach it via Optimize portfolio and the TRINITY Optimized Portfolios flow. See Portfolio optimization with DIONYSUS.
HERMES	Market data, symbols, quotes, and metadata feeding screeners and symbol pages.
Hunt	IRIS portfolio opportunity flow: general book health, replace a holding, or interest in a candidate (ARTEMIS recommendation path). See How Hunt and Cash Hunt fit your process.
Deployable cash	Cash TRINITY treats as available for new buys after a cash buffer and portfolio rules—may differ from your brokerage “cash available.” See Reading Hunt and Cash Hunt results and Hunt, Cash Hunt, and optimization.
Cash buffer	Reserved slice of total portfolio capital (on the order of ~10% in the product model) held back from Cash Hunt sizing so the book is not fully invested to the last dollar. See Hunt, Cash Hunt, and optimization.
Swap idea vs cash idea	Swap — sell one held line and buy another (Hunt). Cash idea — open a new line from spare cash (Cash Hunt). See Hunt, Cash Hunt, and optimization.
Candidate universe	The set of symbols TRINITY can consider for a given Hunt or Cash Hunt run after analysis quality, risk, and policy filters—not “every stock in the world” every time. See Reading Hunt and Cash Hunt results.
Whole-share hint	Suggested share count truncated to a whole number for realistic orders; can be zero after rounding and caps. See Reading Hunt and Cash Hunt results.
IRIS	Primary web application and authenticated API entry for browser clients.
Optimization	A solver-driven draft portfolio: suggested weights, shares, stops, and targets under your risk settings—not automatic broker execution. See Optimization results explained.
Optimize portfolio	IRIS action that sends your capital and risk settings to DIONYSUS and returns a new or updated portfolio you can review before trading.
Paper / simulation	Flows that do not move real funds—verify in-product disclaimers for your account type.
Watchlist	User-curated symbol list for tracking and batch workflows.
TRINITY Optimized Portfolios	IRIS modal/flow title for running DIONYSUS optimization with your inputs.

Position and allocation cards (IRIS)

Labels match tooltips on portfolio and analysis cards (AllocationCard in IRIS).

Term	Meaning here
% of Account	Share of total portfolio value in this line—helps spot concentration. See Optimization results explained.
Current Price	Latest available price used to value the position; comes from market data feeds.
Entry Price	Average purchase price for the position (or modeled entry after optimization).
P/L %	Percent gain or loss since entry on this line (Performance in tooltips).
Stage Transition Likelihood	Bar chart of model-lean between stages—not a profit forecast. See Stage transition probabilities.
Stop Loss	Suggested defensive price from technical context—your decision to enforce with orders or alerts.
Strength	How strong the current stage profile reads on TRINITY’s internal scale (e.g. very strong → very weak).
Target Price	Planning anchor from analysis—not a guaranteed outcome.
Total Value	Shares × current price (or last mark).
Unrealized P/L	Open position gain/loss in dollars vs entry.
VS SPY	Performance vs the S&P 500 ETF over the shown window; N/A when data is missing.
Allocated capital	Modeled dollars already in positions (and similar booked lines) per portfolio—contrasts with cash still available for new activity. Labels match IRIS where shown.
Remaining capital	Cash TRINITY treats as available to open or add long positions without marking new external deposits—if you try to buy more than this, the app may block the add. See Your portfolio in TRINITY.
Realized gain	Closed position outcome: profit or loss locked in at exit for that line. Open positions show unrealized P/L instead.
Demo portfolio	A sample portfolio (often in onboarding) so you can explore the product without treating the book as your real account.
Portfolio performance cache	Saved history and benchmark slices the app reads when drawing portfolio performance or vs SPY—updated on a schedule, not necessarily every page load. Empty or stale charts usually mean not refreshed yet, not bad math—see Where the numbers come from and FAQ.

Stage analysis and signals

Term	Meaning here
Stage	ATHENA’s model-derived cycle label (1–4) summarizing where a security sits in a price cycle—not a buy/sell recommendation. See Understanding stage analysis.
Stage 1 (Accumulation)	Basing phase after a decline; price consolidates in a range while selling pressure exhausts. No clear uptrend yet. Sub-stages: 1A (early base), 1B (mature base near breakout).
Stage 2 (Markup / Uptrend)	Active uptrend; price above rising moving averages, positive relative strength. The primary target for new long positions in TRINITY’s framework. Sub-stages: 2A (fresh breakout), 2B (established trend).
Stage 3 (Distribution)	Topping pattern after an advance; institutional selling begins, trend weakens. REDUCE signals typically emerge here. Sub-stages: 3A (early weakness), 3B (confirmed distribution).
Stage 4 (Markdown / Downtrend)	Active downtrend; price below falling moving averages, underperforming market. SELL signals predominate.
Stage confidence	Normalized model output (0–100%) describing how internally consistent the model’s inputs are with the assigned stage—not a probability of profit.
BUY signal	ATHENA signal indicating favorable conditions for initiating or building a position: Stage 2 classification, SATA confirmation, positive Mansfield RS, model alignment. See Reading trading signals.
ADD signal	ATHENA signal suggesting adding to an existing position within an established Stage 2 trend.
HOLD signal	ATHENA signal indicating current conditions support maintaining the position; no entry or exit criteria triggered.
REDUCE signal	ATHENA signal indicating early deterioration; the model recommends trimming exposure. Associated with Stage 3 patterns.
SELL signal	ATHENA signal indicating broad deterioration; the model recommends exiting the position. Associated with Stage 4 or confirmed Stage 3B.
AI Signal	IRIS label for ATHENA’s five-letter recommendation (BUY, ADD, HOLD, REDUCE, SELL); same semantics as in Reading trading signals.
Signal staleness	Signals degrade in informational value as time passes without re-analysis. Always check the analysis timestamp before acting.
Weinstein methodology	A stage analysis framework developed by Stan Weinstein, described in his book Secrets for Profiting in Bull and Bear Markets (1988). TRINITY’s stage model is inspired by this approach. See Understanding stage analysis.
Pattern Analysis	IRIS panel listing ATHENA-detected price formations (recent list plus optional Best Pattern highlight). See Patterns and structure on the symbol page.
Best pattern	The formation ATHENA currently weights most heavily among detected patterns (sometimes a recent best pattern). Not a buy/sell instruction by itself.
Recent patterns	Patterns currently associated with the symbol’s price action, each with type, status, optional confidence, target, and date range when shown.
Pattern direction	Pattern-only tilt shown in TRINITY Analysis (e.g. BULLISH, STRONGLY BULLISH, BEARISH, or pending). Can differ from the five-letter AI Signal.
Pattern signal	Structured pattern output (e.g. direction and confidence) summarizing detected formations—informational context next to stage and SATA.
Support level (ATHENA)	Model-highlighted demand-heavy price zone; may include a strength tag in IRIS. Not a guarantee the price will hold.
Resistance level (ATHENA)	Model-highlighted supply-heavy price zone above price; same caveats as support.
Price target (ATHENA)	Scenario price level with optional type and confidence—planning anchor only, not a forecast promise.
Transition probability	Percentage summarizing how the model weights near-term moves between stages given inputs—not a market guarantee. See Stage transition probabilities.

SATA and relative strength

Term	Meaning here
SATA score	Stage Analysis Technical Assessment: a 0–10 composite score measuring technical confirmation quality across ten indicator components. Higher = stronger technical alignment with stage classification. See The SATA score.
SATA component	Any of the ten individual binary inputs to the SATA composite: price vs MA1 (10-day), price vs MA2 (50-day), price vs MA3 (200-day), price vs MA4 (30-week equivalent), Mansfield RS positivity, short-term momentum, medium-term momentum, volume confirmation, overhead resistance clearance, and breakout detection.
Mansfield Relative Strength (RS)	A comparison of a stock’s 52-week percentage gain against the market benchmark (typically SPY), normalized to express outperformance or underperformance in percentage points. Positive = stock outperforming. See Relative strength and Mansfield RS.
Relative strength (RS)	General term for measuring a security’s performance relative to a benchmark or peer group. Distinguished from Wilder’s RSI (a momentum oscillator). TRINITY uses Mansfield RS as its implementation.
SPY anchor	SPY (S&P 500 ETF) is the default benchmark against which Mansfield RS is calculated in TRINITY. The SPY’s own 52-week return defines the baseline (RS = 0).
Overhead resistance	Price levels where a stock previously declined; significant supply from investors who bought at higher prices and are waiting to sell to “get even.” SATA penalizes stocks with major resistance zones directly above current price.
Breakout	When a stock’s price moves above a significant level of overhead resistance on expanding volume. Breakouts from Stage 1 bases into Stage 2 are the primary setup the framework targets.

Technical indicators

Term	Meaning here
SMA (Simple Moving Average)	Average closing price over N periods, updated daily. Common SMA periods: 10-day, 50-day, 200-day. ATHENA uses several SMAs as stage and SATA inputs.
EMA (Exponential Moving Average)	A moving average that weights recent prices more heavily than older ones. More responsive than SMA to recent price changes. Used in MACD calculation.
RSI (Relative Strength Index)	A 0–100 momentum oscillator by J. Welles Wilder measuring speed and magnitude of price changes. ≥70 = overbought; ≤30 = oversold. Not the same as Mansfield RS. See Technical indicators guide.
MACD	Moving Average Convergence Divergence: momentum indicator showing the relationship between two EMAs (typically 12 and 26-day). Signal line crossovers indicate potential trend changes.
Bollinger Bands	Price envelope ±2 standard deviations around a 20-day SMA. Band width measures volatility; narrow bands often precede significant moves (Bollinger Squeeze).
ATR (Average True Range)	Average daily price range (including gaps) over N periods. Measures volatility in absolute price units. Useful for calibrating stop-loss distances relative to current volatility.
OBV (On-Balance Volume)	Cumulative volume indicator: adds volume on up days, subtracts on down days. Rising OBV during a price advance suggests institutional participation. Divergence from price can signal weakness.
Stochastic Oscillator	Momentum indicator comparing a close to its N-period high-low range. Readings above 80 are potentially overbought; below 20 are potentially oversold.
Golden Cross	When a shorter-term moving average (e.g., 50-day) crosses above a longer-term MA (e.g., 200-day). A classic long-term bullish signal.
Death Cross	When a shorter-term moving average crosses below a longer-term MA. A classic long-term bearish signal.
ADX (Average Directional Index)	Measures trend strength on a 0–100 scale, regardless of direction. ADX ≥ 25 suggests a meaningful trend is present. Used by ATHENA in the feature vector.
Momentum	Rate of price change over a defined lookback period (e.g., 20-day or 60-day return). Measures how fast a stock is moving. A SATA component.
Volume confirmation	When price moves (advances or breakouts) are accompanied by above-average trading volume. Confirms institutional participation. A SATA component in ATHENA.

Portfolio optimization (DIONYSUS)

Term	Meaning here
Allocation strategy	One of EQUAL_WEIGHT, CONFIDENCE_WEIGHTED, STAGE_WEIGHTED, KELLY_CRITERION, HYBRID_WEIGHTED—controls how dollars are split among already ranked symbols. See DIONYSUS allocation strategies in depth.
Constraint pack	Structured bundle (constraint_pack) with optional sector caps, vol target, turnover cap, etc.—merged into risk settings or diagnostics per version. See Constraint packs and optimizer diagnostics.
Greedy allocation	Post-pass that ensures total allocated does not exceed total capital after rounding and per-position floors.
Half Kelly	API flag (half_kelly) to use a fractional Kelly path for less aggressive sizing when KELLY_CRITERION is selected.
METIS (quality scoring)	Shared library used for symbol quality scores and thresholds so DIONYSUS aligns with other services. See How DIONYSUS filters and ranks symbols.
Optimizer diagnostics	Response and Firestore fields describing which constraints bound the run (effective max position size, softmax temperature, notes).
Policy explanation	Server-built bullet list describing preset/quiz/pack inputs for audit and UI—not legal advice.
Prior book weights	Optional prior_book_weights map (symbol → fraction of capital) for rebalance flows; enables turnover blending. See Rebalancing and turnover limits.
Softmax temperature	Parameter (softmax_temperature) controlling spread vs concentration of weights in confidence/hybrid strategies—higher → more uniform.
Stage weights	Optional per-stage multipliers (stage_weights) for STAGE_WEIGHTED / HYBRID_WEIGHTED (e.g. STAGE 1 … STAGE 4).
Greedy pass	After per-line sizing, a sort-and-add step that drops lowest-priority lines when sum of positions exceeds total_capital (confidence × risk/reward × stage priority). See Position sizing, stops, and targets.
OIDC (ID token)	In production, IRIS often presents a Google-signed JWT to Cloud Run backends (audience = service URL) in addition to user identity—browser users do not mint these manually. See Optimization in the IRIS browser and API.
Risk per share	Entry price minus stop (with floors)—used to cap share count so account-level max_risk_per_trade is approximately respected.
trace_id	Correlation string on optimize responses—include in support tickets. See Troubleshooting.
Whole-share rounding	DIONYSUS truncates fractional shares to integers; tiny allocations can become zero and disappear.

Machine learning and model concepts

Term	Meaning here
Random Forest	The machine learning algorithm used in ATHENA’s stage classification. An ensemble of decision trees that votes on the most likely stage. Reduces overfitting compared to a single decision tree. See How TRINITY AI works.
Feature vector	The numerical input representation fed to the ML model for each stock on each date. ATHENA’s feature vectors include RSI, MACD, SMAs, volume ratios, Mansfield RS, ATR, Bollinger width, momentum, stochastic, OBV trends, and ADX.
Feature importance	How much each input variable contributes to the model’s predictions. High feature importance indicates the model relies on that input heavily when classifying stages.
Training data	Historical price, volume, and indicator data used to teach the model what patterns correspond to each stage. ATHENA is trained on thousands of symbols over extended historical periods.
Calibration	Periodic retraining or tuning of the ML model as new market data accumulates. Maintains model accuracy as market regimes change over time.
Heuristic override	Rules-based logic applied on top of the ML model’s output to prevent clearly incorrect classifications. Example: a stock cannot be Stage 2 if its price is below its 200-day SMA. These safety rails complement the statistical model.
Market regime	The broad market environment (bull, neutral, bear) characterized by aggregate stage distribution, index trend, and volatility levels. ATHENA uses market regime context to calibrate analysis. See Understanding market conditions.
Dynamic calibration	ATHENA’s mechanism for adjusting signal thresholds and weights based on aggregate market conditions. In bear markets, qualification criteria automatically tighten to reduce false positives.
Confidence	Model-reported certainty for a stage classification or signal—not a probability of profit. Reflects internal consistency of inputs with the assigned classification.
Ensemble	A method of combining multiple models (trees in a Random Forest) so that the final prediction is a vote or average. Ensemble methods tend to be more robust than any individual model.

For dependencies and outages, open IRIS Status (from the app menu or /status in your deployment).

Technical reference (optional)

Integrators may use IRIS HTTP routes such as POST /api/optimize (browser BFF) and the DIONYSUS service route POST /api/v1/portfolios/optimize. Batch workflows may call POST /api/analysis/batch. See Optimization in the IRIS browser and API if you are building on the API—retail investors can ignore this box.